濕熱試驗與鹽霧試驗的主要區別是濕熱試驗的霧滴沒有鹽分是蒸餾水,雖然鹽滴因其導電率高、叉含氯離子而腐蝕作用劇烈,但對滲透壓而言,蒸餾水的活度高,涂層是半透膜,蒸餾水滲入漆膜的能力比鹽液強。水分透入漆膜,在兩層漆膜之間積聚,會降低層間附著力,而起泡。隨后再向深入一步發展,到達漆膜與底板之間,降低附著力,導致漆膜起泡,同時水分與金屬底板接觸,產生電化學腐蝕作用。在漆膜內吸收水分,會引起漆膜膨脹而產生內應力,降低附著力而起泡,漆膜吸水率在蒸餾水中比鹽水中高,就對涂膜的破壞力來說,濕熱試驗是很苛刻的。
總體概況
濕熱試驗是將涂有漆膜的樣板或實物置于溫度和濕度受控制的密閉試驗箱內,一定時間后觀察起泡、腐蝕及附著力下降等變化,評定涂膜抵抗濕熱水汽(有時包含有凝露)能力的試驗。考核涂層對濕熱帶氣候的環境適應性和耐蝕能力。濕熱試驗時,涂層的耐水性和水汽滲透性比一般常溫浸水試驗失效要快。濕熱試驗引起的腐蝕不及鹽霧試驗劇烈。
涂層耐濕熱性能檢測相關技術標準
標準名稱:Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity
標準編號:ASTM D2247 - 11
標準概述:Water can cause the degradation of coatings, so knowledge of how a coating resists water is helpful for assessing how it will perform in actual service. Failure in tests at 100 % relative humidity may be caused by a number of factors including a deficiency in the coating itself, contamination of the substrate, or inadequate surface preparation. This practice is therefore useful for evaluating coatings alone or complete coating systems.Tests at 100 % relative humidity are used for specification acceptance, quality control, and research and development for coatings and substrate treatments. Some tests are used for a pass or fail determination at an arbitrary time. A coating system is considered to pass if there is no evidence of water-related failure after a period of time. Other tests are used to monitor degree of failure as a function of exposure time.
標準名稱:漆膜耐濕熱測定法
標準編號:GB/T 1740-2007
發布日期:2007-09-11
實施日期:2008-04-01
標準概述:本標準規定了色漆、清漆或相關產品的涂層抗高溫、高濕環境能力的試驗方法。本標準適用于漆膜耐濕熱性能的測定。
標準名稱:Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Fog Apparatus
標準編號:ASTM D1735 - 08
標準概述:This practice covers the basic principles and operating procedures for testing water resistance of coatings in an apparatus similar to that used for salt spray testing.This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining, measuring, and controlling the conditions and procedures of water fog tests. It does not specify specimen preparation, specific test conditions, or evaluation of results.

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